Important Design Principles In Animation Film Studies Essay

Important Design Principles In Animation Film Studies EssayAnimations argon sort of popular scoots in the world, due to its visual effect, appealing stories and dramatize graphic arts, (Compton 1997). Classical lifetimes (2D life force) have stayed relatively the same for 80 years (Jones Oliff 2006). The tools animators occasiond to use to produce an exalt hold was pen-and-paper medium. However, during the past 10 years, animate films have been through or sowhat major changes because technologies of computing device generate (CG) liveness has created and improved rapidly (Jones Oliff 2006). Jones and Oliff (2006) also mentioned that due to ontogenesis of CG tools, the important principles of foundation in the construction of an sprightly film have significantly changed. Although most animators and ethereal film industries abanthroughd the hand-drawn traditional elan vitals and has produced animations by CG, especi all last(predicate)y after some in(predicate) po pular animated films such as Sherk 2001 and Toy Story 1995, a few famous master animators, like Andreas Deja who is cognise because he drew the main(prenominal) characters in Hercules and Who Framed Roger Rabbit still prefer to draw animation by traditional tools (Corliss 2005).This essay will look at the principles of design in the construction of both traditional 2D animation and 3D computer animation. It also will compare 2D and 3D animation and examine the underway t give the sack which is to devote 2D traditional animation to 3D computer animation. Three main construction principles of animation design are looked in this essay. First, sooner shooting animation, there are significant tasks which should be done first. For example, the principles of creating an animated narration those audiences enjoy watching, and building up the personalities of animated characters. Besides, designed twaddleboard is essential for cross off of animations. Next main principle of animation design construction is shooting animation. Principles of shooting traditional 2D animation and 3D computer animation are examined and several differences and similarities between them will be analyzed. First instance is processes of draftsmanship or designing the facial expressions of an animation both traditional 2D animation and 3D computer animation. Next, principles of action of animation, such as straight head action, mother-to-pose action, will be mentioned as well in this stage. In the end of this section, to analyse two main functions of 3D computer animation, squash and stretch and timing and motion, could make traditional animated film much realistic and entertaining. The final stage covers the principles of topographic point production of animated films. The purposes of these tasks after shooting animations are in order to accomplish animations completely and perfectly, such as technologies of coincide, editing, sound, medicament and voices. This essay examines t he principles of design in the construction of both traditional 2D animation and 3D computer animation from the beginning to the completion of animation.Fundamentals of characters and plot line, target audience and message of film, readiness in the design stagePrinciples of creating an animated story that audience enjoy watchingThe first tread in making animated movies, a free radical of artists, writers, script writers, directors, computer graphic specialists and producers come together to brainstorm a group of ideas which bring out ideas of characters that match plot lines. Most storylines and characters come from books and magazines, or a screen writer/writer creates a character and storyline. However before this happens many simple questions have to be asked for example who is going to be the audience, does the storyline match the audience, what is the story line convoying to the audience, does the character match the storyline and are the characters suitable to convoy a pecu liar type of message (How to make an animated Movie, n.d.). Next, the most value of a film is expressing education, when animated stories are chosen, the meaning the stories would express through animation should be considered. Finally when a animated storyline is fully scrutinized by the film development team, by making fender animated movie, this is scrutinized by the directors, producers and finally a test audience which is interviewed after the pilot movie to see their reaction, and does it convoy the storyline (Harper 2000).Build up the personalities of animated charactersAfter the storyline is decided, the next step of making an animated movie is the design of the characters. They have got the most important role and they are going to carry the message/story of the movie. This is done by giving the animated characters personalities that is conveyed in the story outline which is one of the key factors that makes a successful animated movie (Savoye and Meyer 2008).Storyboard t he preparation for an animationDifferences in preparation between traditional animation and 3D computer animationThere is an important principle in the preparation for an animation. In any form of an animated movie/scene, a storyboard is made. This is an outline of the animated movie/scene. A storyboard describes the scenes of an animated (movie/scene/story) which includes images and works made by artists, screenwriters, computer animation specialists, producers and story writers. This is done by development artist sketches which is known as a story sketch. In the time before computers, drawings were made to make a scene usually. They had to make 26 drawing for one foster of film, each drawing was called a story sketch (Blair 1994).A story board is made that includes the characters/scenes that are going to convey the message/story about(predicate) the movie. After the first storyboard is drawn, there are regular meetings between the storyboard artists and director (Blair 1994). T his is to make sure that the movie is keeping to the story line of the movie up to now many discussions and meetings are held to redraw or re-board until the right message is conveyed to the audience(Blair 1994) however with modern technology and the advancement of computer graphics the use of computer animation has allowed animated movies to be easily edited that brings a lot of cost savings and reduce the amount of time is made an animated movie discuss how to redraw or re-board until the final storyboard comes out. Unlike a 2D traditional animation, storyboard artists of 3D computer animation use computer with animation software to create the storyboard. The result is that using computers to redraw or change the storyboard not only reduces more time of meetings and discussion, but also saves money.Important principles of shooting traditional 2D animation and 3D computer animationDrawing or designing the scenes of an animation1. Traditional 2D Animation ProcessIn the days before there was computers, animation was all done by hand. This was done by creating a series of drawn images. This is what is known as cel animation (Harper 2000). However before an animated movie or cartoon story is created a story board must be made. This gives a visual outline of the animation to be made, from the story board, that gives animators and writers ideas how to synchronize drawing and how to follow the story line which can also include soundtrack music. However, a storyboard is only a rough outline and it is only used as a guide and to test themes, layout and composition for the animation and also decide on the script and edit scenes before large scale production of the animation. The next step of the animation process is the design and timing that is where the characters are decided and refined to the scene, also at this time the sequences of events that are going to take place, and for example the scene angles and character positions are decided.The next stage of the anim ation process is the production of the animations that is where individual pictures are drawn spew by frame, which is usually done by hand and animators are assigned to individual characters, and artists will design and draw the background of each scene. After this process another one occurs where each frame is placed onto a clear film known as a cel, which the pictures are colored and then photographed for the final animated product and also voice, music and sound are added to the animated scene.3D computer animationComputer animation follows the same format by filming a sequence of varicolored cels then using layers, keyframes, and tweening techniques (Harper 2000). The main difference between a 2D and a 3D animation is a 3D animation is made by computer and software, such as Dreamweaver, which is an animated design tool which animators can animate elements of pages with graphical interface (Harper 2000). For example, users design half of the characters face then use Dreamweaver to duplicate it to complete the face. Next, the animated characters are made more real and perfect by computer-generate (CG) because every movement and detail in 3D animation is analyzed and calculated accurately by the system of animation software.B. Principles of action of animationIn the early days of film animation, Walt Disney Studios was the first Studio to cajole large audiences to their animated films with the like of Snow White (1937), and Pinocchio (1940), this transform animated movies from a novelty form into animated movies being a art form. Walt Disney studios does this by defining twelve principles in animation that makes film animation characters more lifelike and able to catch the attention of the audiences (Lasseter 1987). Lasseter (1987) and doubting Thomas Johnston (1981) pointed the following principles of action of animation which are squash and stretch shape distortion to accentuate movement, anticipation leading audiences, staging the camera view point to show the opera hat action. Straight- leading and pose to pose action allowing nothing to finish suddenly. Slow in and slow out gentle starts and stops. Arcs The path of actions for example throwing a roll which a ball follows and arcs. Secondary actions movement of a lizards tail or a bounce in a persons step. clock time relations with actions for the illusion of life. Exaggeration imposture of actions and timing. Solid drawing Excellent drawing and artist ability. Appeal audiences are attracted to the characters. Finally these twelve principles underlined the four guiding principles of production firstly Character development by giving characters personality, secondly a story which leads the audience, thirdly acting and sensations making the character life like. Finally, expression and dialogue is giving the character emotion12 Principles of Animation (Thomas Johnston 1981)12 Principles of Animation was illustrated clearly by Thomas Johnston (1981) in The Illusion of Life Disn ey AnimationStraight-ahead and Pose-to-Pose*Squash and Stretch*Anticipation theatrical productionSlow-in and Slow-outArcsSecondary put throughTiming and Motion*ExaggerationSolid Modeling and RiggingCharacter Personality note-thru and Overlapping ActionFollowing examples are some of 12 principles of animation which are illustrated in Thomas and Johnstons book, The Illusion of Life Disney AnimationStraight Ahead ActionStraight ahead in animation is that sequential order of the frames of animation characters are drawn or set up by the animators. For example, after animators set the first frame with the second one, they the set up rest of the frames until the scene is completed. This is a process where the scene is produced by one drawing or image per frame that the animator.By Thomas Johnston 1981Pose-to-Pose ActionThomas and Johnston explain that Pose-to-Pose Action Drawing or setting up key poses and then drawing or creating in between images is how Pose-To-Pose animation is done. This is the staple fiber computer keyframe approach to animation. It is excellent for tweaking, timing, and planning out the animation ahead of time.+ By Thomas Johnston 1981quash and StretchOne significant function of 3D animation is to make an animation look more real. Anything in 3D animation will squash and stretch when it is moving. For example, when a ball in animated film is bouncing, it would be squashed and stretched to mimic a real movement of a ball.By Thomas Johnston 1981By Thomas Johnston 1981Timing and MotionTiming is most important for presenting a ball in 3D animation fallen like the movement of a real ball. When a ball falls, it is accelerate because of gravity, before the ball touch the ground, all gaps between each frame growing all the process.By Thomas Johnston 1981III. Principles of post production of animated filmsPrinciples of Follow Through and Overlapping Action in animated filmsFollow Through and Overlapping Action are terminating an action and establ ishing its relationship to the next action (Thomas and Johnston 1981). Thomas and Johnston (1981) continually explained that the function of follow through is to terminate part of an action, for example, when a person is throwing a ball and the hand continues to move after the ball is released, overlapping action is to start the next action before the first action is completed. The purposes of follow through and overlapping action are to accomplish the animations smoothly.Editing of 2D animated films and 3D computer animationThe final stage of animated film production is film editing which is usually the most effect upon go through part of animated film making (Dmytryk 1984). Film editing is the essential skill which Dmytryk (1984) explains can be defined as an art form and technique, which is done by accumulating and assembling pictures and scenes into a coherent, logical and cohesive story. The film editor does this by assembling the footage however, the job of an editor is not o nly about set pieces of film together. A film editor must use his or her creative thought by using layers of images. It is not only apply these images with the story and follow the script and dialogue, but also considers the addition of music and has well set the pace of the film. In addition, editors might work with the animators and the directors to try gain the best performance that means animators would re-draw scenes over again and redirect and maybe rewrite the film few weeks after the film has finished shooting for making the film more cohesive (Dmytryk 1984.)ConclusionEvery stages of creating hits animations are crucial, from the beginning to plan every detail, create a story, and build up the personalities of animated characters and shooting animations to the end to finish post production. Whatever using hand-drawn medium or CG tools to produce animations, the important principles of animated design are still involved art of film which is putting moving images on the scree n (Jones Oliff 2006). This assay not only covers the important principles of design in the construction of an animated film in every stage, but also analyses both computer garnered animation and classical animation. Three main steps of producing animation-principles of before shooting and shooting and post production an animation- are examined. In addition, 3D computer animation has developed and been used to produce some CG hits animations already. As the result is that some principles of animated design have changed. However, the some important animated principles havent been moved, such as writing an appeal screen story, breathing life into characters (Porter and Susman 2000), or matching the music and voices in animations. Finally, these principles of design in the both construction in traditional 2D animation and 3D computer animation is in order to produce a gorgeous animation.Although animation principles of design in the construction have been changing due to development of CG technologies, the purpose of animation might be similar. How to make animated characters more lifelike, or produce an animation which audiences enjoy watching might be main aims animated industries and animators desire to achieve. Porter and Susman (2000) pointed that 3D animation could create scenes more complex, images more ponderous, and characters more fluid. However, 2D traditional animation could draw in the romantic-realistic style animation (Corliss 2005). Therefore, animated companies and animators should be encouraged to produce animations by the techniques which 2D animations apply to 3D animations.References List3 D Computer Graphics, (n.d). flash oblige and images, viewed 17 May, 2010,http//www.pixar.com/theater/index.htmlAnimated film making by Pixar, (n.d.), flash article and images, viewed 17 May, 2010, http//www.pixar.com/theater/index.htmlBlair, P, 1994, Cartoon Animation, Walter Foster Publishing, Laguana Hills.Dmytryk, E., (1984). On Film Editing An Introduc tion to the Art of Film Construction. Focal Press, BostonHarper, B, 2000, EDC385G Multimedia Authoring at the University of Texas at Austin, viewed 23 April 2010,How to make an animated movie, (n.d.), video, viewed 27 April 2010,http//video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-8683020727511417227How to parenting techniques maya, (n.d.), video, viewed 30 April 2010,http//www.wonderhowto.com/how-to-parenting-techniques-maya-8-5-196515/How to parenting techniques maya, (n.d.), video, viewed 30 April 2010,http//www.wonderhowto.com/how-to-parenting-techniques-maya-8-5-196518/Lasseter, J, 1987, Principles of Traditional Animation Applied to 3D Computer Animation, Computer Graphics, pp. 35-44.Savoye, A Meyer, A, 2008, Multi-Layer Level of expatiate for Character Animation, The Fifth workshop on Virtual Reality and Physical SimulationThomas, F., Johnston, O., 1981, reprint 1997, The Illusion of Life Disney Animation. 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